Сборник материалов Всероссийской конференции с элементами научной школы для молодежи в области рационального природопользования (17-21 ноября 2009г.) Кемерово 2009

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Название	Сборник материалов Всероссийской конференции с элементами научной школы для молодежи в области рационального природопользования (17-21 ноября 2009г.) Кемерово 2009
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ORGANIZATION OF ECOLOGICAL EDUCATION FOR TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN AGRICULTURE

S.N. Vitiaz, V.A. Kolmykova

Kemerovo State agricultural institute
Nowadays training specialists on ecology is becoming actual. This article contains material referring to organization and estimation of ecological compentence of students of Kemerovo State agricultural institute.

Now on the background of technical achievements the ecological state of the environment is apparently considered to be getting worse and its negative influence is felt by almost all inhabitants of the planet. Among many actual problems of the 21st centur many scientists point out to the problem of necessity various profiles. In order to make it possible the future experts for influence actively to improving the ecological conditions, they should possess high level of ecological culture [2; 3]. The ecological culture is a generalised description of personal qualities which reflect the process and result of formation of ecological consciousness of the person, and assumes indissoluble unity between the set of knowledge, representations about the nature, emotionally-sensual and valuable relation to it and the corresponding abilities, skills, requirements of interaction with it, based on harmonisation of interrelations in the system "nature-person" [1]. In our opinion, the process of formation of ecological culture during the training course at a higher school is of great importance. In order to increase ecological culture of the students it is important to receive theoretical ecological knowledge as well as to take practical participation in work on preservation of the environment, in ecological actions (additional preparation). During the training-course at high school students. In a greater degree, join researches search for the decisions of problems in the field of environment improvement. It is important to form ecological consciousness and valuable relation to nature preparing experts for agrarian branches. The main problem of the agrarian industry is creating high-yielding grades of plants and breeds of animals, and also working out the most optimal conditions for their growing cultivating on the scientific basis. To develop agricultural production successfully laws and rules, used in the agrarian industry, should be correlated with the general ecological laws. Only in this case the overcoming contradiction, existing now between increasing requirements of mankind and limited possibilities of the biosphere, is possible. In higher schools of Kemerovo region, including Kemerovo State agricultural institute, great attention is paid to preparation of experts on ecology. Ecological education of students is carried out at each faculty and for each specialist of the institute. There are practical studies on ecology outside the institute in the halls of the museum of «Archeology, ethnography and ecology of Siberia» in Kemerovo. In order to improve the quality of preparation of experts, to develop of creative skills and abilities, the annual students competitions on ecology are carried out. Students get practical skills in determinating ecological problems and ways of their solving , taking active part in recultivating the damaged lands of Kemerovo region (since 2006 on the base of Kemerovo state agricultural institute a scientific laboratory on the problem of recultivating damaged land has been opened.)

Within the limits of the grant of the Ministry of Education and Science some students do an international training course on the theme «Biodiversity Preservation on the territory of a technogenic region». In our opinion it all should create preconditions to increase not only the level of ecological erudition and consciousness of the students, but also to develop in them some practical attitude to the nature.

For studying the efficiency of ecological education of the students of Kemerovo State agricultural institute in February, 2009 research of the level of their ecological culture was conducted. As examinees the first-year students (75 people) and the students of the 5th year (78 people)who had an ecological course during the studying, were chosen for the research. The research was carried out with the help of the questionnaire Е. V. Asafovoj passed approbation at schools, colleges and high schools [1]. The questionnaire contained questions taking into account three interconnected aspects of ecological: erudition, consciousness and activity. On the basis of the total sum of each point levels (low, average and high) were determined. The combinations gave of the levels showed the level of general ecological culture of the students. According to the results of the research it was established that the level of general ecological culture of the ist year students was lower, than the level of the 5 year students (Tab. 1). At studying the level of ecological erudition and consciousness it was established that among the students 5 of the year there were more people with high level of ecological erudition and consciousness in comparison with the students of the 1 year (р <0,05). Ecological consciousness of the students of the 5 year, in our opinion, grows on the basis of logic processing of knowledge (including knowledge on ecology) and represents a qualitatively new step when a transformation of knowledge into belief takes place. That is caused by installations of the students, their conscious, responsible relation to the nature. High ecological consciousness, in turn, stimulates informative activity of a human person, induces to master new ecological knowledge and to use it in practice [1].

Тab. 1
The correlation of the quantity of the students with different levels of ecological culture: erudition, consciousness and activity (%)

Levels	Year	Ecological erudition	Consciousness	Activity	General ecological culture
Low	1 5	10,6 3,8*	12 2,6*	26,6 15,4*	16 7,7
Middle	1 5	42,6 30,7	29,3 14,1*	51,4 60,3	42,6 34,6
High	1 5	46,8 65,5*	58,7 83,3*	12 24,3*	41,4 57,7*

The note: * - authentic distinctions (р <0,05) between the students of the 1 and 5 years

The indicators of self-estimation of ecological erudition and consciousness of the students are higher, than the indicators of ecological activity. The component of in the structure of ecological culture of a person is on the average level the activity (basic quantity of the respondents). However, among the students of the 5 year there are more people with high level of ecological behaviour (р <0,05). Probably, in the course of training the students strengthen of the motives of ecologo-informative activity, and it leads to comprehension of the necessity of practical participation in ecological activity. Thus, the analysis of the results has shown the efficiency of ecological education of the students of the agricultural institute. In the course of training the level of ecological erudition, consciousness and the practical attitude to the nature increase.

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