a/an or the
1. I was born in St. Petersburg (Moscow, Kursk) on … 2 nd of May, 1983. 2. Now I'm a first-year student of … Lesgaft State University of Physical Education. 3. I train 6 times … week in … stadium or in … gym. 4. Sometimes I won … titles (I have never won … titles). 5. After graduating from … University I'm going to become … coach or … physical education teacher. 6. I always enjoy riding … bike and going to … swimming pool. 7. I'm … great figure-skating fan. 8. ... tennis is my favourite sport. I play once or twice ... week, but I'm not ... very good player. 9. He was … consummate soccer player: scorer, creator, passer, even a defender when the need arose. 10. Many sports which are played all over… world first appeared in Britain. 11. I don't go to … swimming-pool. 12. … sportsmen are always in good form. 13. This is … tennis racket. 14. … Petrovs are sport-lovers. 15. … coach explains to … students why warming-up is important. 16. I am afraid they lost … competition. 17. They thought … lot about our goalkeeper. 18. In 1867 … yacht club was opened in … Moscow, others were founded along … Volga, … Dnieper, … Black Sea and … Baltic Sea costs. 19. … first sports club of … new type was … St Petersburg River Yacht Club, formed in … 1860. 20. Our training begins at … quarter to … three.
2. Fill in the blanks with the personal pronouns in nominative and object cases:
1. Let … introduce myself. 2. Footbal is a great game. … is played in most countries in the world. 3. ... sport (kind of sport) is tennis. 4. … is necessary to train much to become a good sportsman. 5. … have been doing it for 10 years. 6. In summer … like playing football (volleyball, basketball, badminton). 7. As for … I go in for table tennis. 8. The trainer gives … time to think. 9. … often train on their sport-ground. 10. Give … our balls. 11. They oftten helped … in training. We are very thankful … for … help.
3. Use possessive pronouns properly:
1. … first name is.... 2. … coach's name is.... 3. … friend is a Merited Master of Sports and a Master of Sports of International Level. 4. … racket is in his bag. 5. He left … equipment in the hall. This is … . 6. Two friends of … are on the hockey team. I am proud of them. 7. Our coach showed us … medals. 8. At the beginning of … training the coach gives us command. 9. He is a first-class runner. I think the best results are … . 10. She won the individual all-round title. This is not only … victory but … coach too.
4. Insert indefinite pronouns any, some, no. Translate the following sentences into Russian:
1. Are there … tennis players here? – No, there aren't … . 2. My couch gave me … advice. 3. Have we … time left? –Yes, we have … . The match starts at 6. 4. There are … balls in the sport hall. 5. Have you … sport magazines? No, there aren't … . 6. There are … champions in our club. 7. Do you know … British sports? 8. There are … stadiums in our city, but there are no skate-rinks. 9. Do you have … rackets at home? 10. There are … fitness centers in our district.
5. Fill in the blanks with somebody (someone)/something, anybody(anyone)/anything, nobody (none)/nothing, everybody (everyone)/everything:
1. The exersice is so difficult that … can do it. 2. Is there … here who can play football well? 3. Do you know … about sports in Britain? 4. … must train hard to get better results. 5. Giv me … to drink after hard training. 6. He said … after my round. 7. Do you see … at the stadium? 8. 9. He knows … who can train us. 10. Has … got another racket? 11. … knows who will win. 12. Does … here can play volleyball? 13. … must learn to do this exercise correctly. 14. Do you know … among the winners? 15. … must go in for sport.
6. Fill in the blanks with little, few, many, much, a little, a few:
1. Our coach do not allow to drink … after a hard training. 2. I have … tickets to the football match to-day. 3. There is … water in the swimming pool. 4. There are … masters of sport at our University. 4. There are … sportsmen in the gym. 5. We cannot play, there are … balls here. 6. They took part in … competitions. 7. There is … time left. The competition will start in 10 minutes. 8. There is … hope he will win today. 9. I know very … about sports in Russia. 10. There is … snow in the yard. We can't ski today.
7. Write the following cardinal numerals in words:
11, 41, 21, 2, 12, 20, 3, 133, 300, 712, 1933, 20703, 537684
8. Write the following ordinal numerals in words:
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 15th, 17th, 20th, 38th, 100th, 237th
9. Write the dates in English correctly:
22 марта 2000, 7 ноября 1991, 31 июля 1980, 16 октября 2012, 13 мая 2002
UNIT 2. POPULARITY OF SPORTS
IN BRITAIN AND RUSSIA
Topics: 1. Sports in Britain. 2. Sports in Russia.
Grammar: Prepositions, The Plural of Nouns, The Possessive Case, Adjectives/Adverbs (Degrees of Comparison)
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1. Check the meaning and pronunciation of the words in the box in the dictionary. Practice in transcribing the following words:
tournament support spectator innumerable
athletics yachting association feather
cricket league rugby essential
amateur toboggan canoeing surfing
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1. Look through Text 1 and do comprehension tasks below.
SPORTS IN BRITAIN
T he British have always had interest in all kinds of sports. They are a sport-loving nation. When they are neither playing, nor watching games, they like to talk about them. Many sports which are played all over the world first appeared in Britain. Cricket, soccer, rugby, tennis, squash, table tennis, badminton, canoeing and snooker were all invented in Britain. The first rules for such sports as boxing, golf, hockey, yachting and horse-racing also originated from Britain. The most popular sports that people take part in, rather than watching, are angling, snooker and darts.
Most popular game in Britain is football. It is the national sport and British club teams are often successful in Europe. Football began as a contest between neighboring villages – with no limit to the number on each side, no fixe pitch and almost no rules. The Football Association drew up the rules of the modern game in 1863 and in 1888 12 clubs joined together to form the first Football League. England won the World Cup in 1966. Every Saturday from late August till the beginning of May, large crowds of people support their favourite sides in football grounds. True fans travel from one end of the country to the other to see their team play. There are plenty of professional and amateur soccer clubs all over Britain. International football matches and the Cup Finals take place at Wembley stadium, near London, which holds 100,000 spectators. But British football today has a bad name at home and abroad because of the violence of some groups of supporters.
The next popular sport after football is rugby, which is largely an amateur game. It appeared in 1895 at Rugby School. That is why the game took the name Rugby or «rugger». These sports attract large numbers of people in Britain, both as participants and as spectators. Rugby and football became two separate sports when the rules laid down by the Football Association said that only the goalkeeper could handle the ball. Two kinds of rugby are played in Britain. Rugby Union is played by amateurs in teams of 15 in the south of England and in Wales (where it is the national sport). Rugby League is played by professionals in teams of 13 in the north of England.
Next to football, the chief spectator sport in British life is horse-racing. A lot of people are interested in the races and risk money on the horse which they think will win. The Derby is perhaps the most famous single sporting event in the whole world.
Cricket is very much the English game. Not many Scots, Irish or Welsh play it. A match can take five days – and end in a draw. A form of cricket was being played 250 years ago. Nowadays it is often played in schools, colleges, universities and by club teams all over the country. Summer isn't summer without cricket. To many Englishmen cricket is both a game and a standard of behaviour. When they consider anything unfair, they sometimes say: «That isn't cricket».
In summer tennis is one of the most popular games. There are clubs in every town and in all the parks there are public courts. The innumerable tennis courts of Britain are occupied by people between the ages of 16 and 60 who show every degree of skill – from practically helpless to the extremely able. The first rules for tennis were drawn up by the All-England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club when it held its first tournament in the London suburb of Wimbledon in 1877. Wimbledon is still the world’s most famous tennis event. The tennis Championship held at Wimbledon for two weeks at the end of June and beginning of July is the main event of the lawn-tennis season in Britain and in fact, in the world.
Swimming is also very popular and there are many public swimming baths. Many children in Britain learn to swim at school. Swimming championship and competitions are widely reported in the press, over the radio and on television. Attempts to swim the English Channel which separates Great Britain from the Continent have been made by swimmers of many nationalities every summer. Some of the attempts are successful.
Rowing and canoeing are practiced less because there are not so many faculties. The annual Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge universities on the river Thames is, however, one of the most popular sporting events of the year. Other popular, water sports are water skiing and surfing.
Golf is becoming increasingly popular. Golf was probably invented in Holland, but has been played in Scotland for at least 400 years. At first, it was played with balls made of wood, then of leather stuffed with feathers.
Britain is also famous for motor-car racing, dog-racing and even races for donkeys. Various forms of athletics, such as running, jumping, swimming, boxing are also popular.
Winter sports such as skiing are generally impossible in Britain (except in Scotland) because of the climate. Of course the English weather is not always cold enough to ski, skate, or toboggan, but winter is a good season for hunting and fishing. Besides many people spend winter holiday on the Continent in order to take part in them.
So there are a lot of sports and games which are popular both among youngsters and gown-ups. 25 millions of grownup people take part in sports. Sport is one of the programme of all state and private schools and universities. Nearly of schools have sports grounds and swimming pools. Indeed, sport in one form or another is an essential part of daily life in Britain.
References:
Wimbley – Уэмбли (знаменитый стадион в Лондоне)
rugby – регби (особая разновидность футбола; играется овальным мячом; по называнию привилегированной средней школы Rugby, где в 1823-м впервые стали играть в эту игру)
the Derby – Дерби (ежегодные скачки лошадей-трехлеток на ипподроме Epson Downs близ Лондона; названы по имени графа Дерби)
Wimbledon – Уимблдон (предместье Лондона, в котором находится английский теннисный и крикетный клуб и проводятся международные чемпионаты по теннису)
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1. Fill in the blanks with words and word-expressions from the box:
participants, football fields, fans, athletics, spectators, toboggan, attracts the greatest attention, professional and amateur, tournaments, boat race, spectator sport, support, team
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1. But as almost everywhere else in the world, the game which … is Association football, or soccer. 2. Every Saturday from late August till the beginning of May large crowds of people … their favourite sides in … 3. True … will travel from one end of the country to the other to see their … play. 4. There are plenty of … soccer clubs all over Britain. 5. The chief … in British life is horse-racing. 6. … between the teams of Oxford and Cambridge attracts large crowds of people. 7. Tennis … at Wimbledon are known all over the world. 8. Various forms of …, such as running, jumping, swimming, boxing are also popular. 9. Of course the English weather is not always cold enough to ski, skate, or …, but winter is a good season for hunting and fishing. 10. These sports attract large numbers of people in Britain, both as … and as … .
2. Match Russian and English phrases. Fill in the table below:
1.
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большие любители спорта
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a)
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to be interested in the races
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2.
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быть известными во всем мире
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b)
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spectator sport
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3.
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кататься на лыжах, коньках и санках
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c)
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a good season for …
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4.
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существенная часть ежедневной жизни в Британии
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d)
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to support smb. favourite sides in football fields
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5.
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интересоваться скачками
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e)
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to be known all over the world
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6.
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поддерживать свои любимые команды на футбольных полях
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f)
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great sport lovers
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7.
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привлекать толпы людей
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g)
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to see the team play
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8.
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смотреть, как играет команда
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h)
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to ski, skate and toboggan
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9.
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хороший сезон для …
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i)
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to attract large crowds of people
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10.
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«зрительский» вид спорта, собирающий большое количество болельщиков
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j)
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an essential part of daily life in Britain
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1.
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2.
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3.
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4.
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5.
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6.
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7.
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8.
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9.
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10.
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3. Give the full answers to the following questions:
1. What is one of the most British games? Where is it played?
2. Which game attracts the greatest attention?
3. Are there any soccer clubs in Britain? What kind of clubs?
4. Where do the International football matches and the Cup Finals take place?
5. What is the chief spectator sport in British life?
6. What is the most famous single sporting event in Britain?
7. What kinds of races are held in Britain?
8. What kinds of tournaments are known all over the world?
9. What kinds of winter sports are popular in Britain?
10. Is sport an essential part of daily life in Britain?
4. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Британцы – большие любители спорта.
2. Одна из самых типичных британских игр – крикет, в нее играют в школах, колледжах, университетах.
3. Существует множество профессиональных и любительских футбольных клубов в Британии.
4. Преданные фанаты будут путешествовать из одного конца страны в другой, чтобы посмотреть, как играет их команда.
5. Международные футбольные матчи и финальные кубки проходят на Уэмбли.
6. Гребные гонки между командами Оксфорда и Кембриджа привлекают толпы людей.
7. На следующем месте после футбола, главным зрительским видом спорта в Британии являются скачки.
8. Множество людей играют и смотрят теннис, теннисные турниры в Уимблдоне известны во всем мире.
9. Британцам также нравится играть в гольф, бейсбол, хоккей и хоккей на траве.
10. Многие игры, в которые мы играем сейчас, были изобретны в Англии.
5. Read the dialogue about sport in Britain in roles with your patner.
SPORTS AND GAMES POPULAR IN ENGLAND
A: What would you say are the most popular games in England today?
B: Well, I suppose football, that is, soccer or rugger, and cricket.
A: What are the other outdoor games?
B: Oh, there's tennis, hockey, golf, and so on. Tennis is played all the year round – on hard courts or grass courts in summer and on hard or covered courts in winter.
A: What about horse-racing?
B: I should say that is one of the most popular sports in Great Britain. Then there are, of course, walking-races, running, swimming and boxing.
A: I've been told that there are no winter sports in England.
B: Well, you see, the English winter isn't very severe as a rule, and we don't often have the chance of skiing, skating or tobogganing, but winter is the great time for hunting, provided the ground is not too hard.
A: Is there any golf to be had near London?
B: Oh, yes, any amount. There are dozens of good golf-links within an hour or so of London. You ought to join a golf club if you're keen on the game.
A: I think I shall if I get the chance. What about indoor games?
Well, there's chess, billiards, cards, table tennis... By the way, do you play billiards?
B: Well, I do, but of course, I'm not a professional or a champion, just an ordinary amateur, and not a very good one at that.
6. Look through the additional information about British sports. Retell it in short.
UNUSUAL AND ECCENTIC BRITISH SPORTS
Aunt Sally – involves the under-arm throwing of the dolly (a truncheon shaped stick) at a suspended target. Each player in the team has 6 throws. The best score out of 24 wins.
Barrel Walking – to stand on top of a small barrel and walk it forward. The distance walked before falling off is measured.
Cheese-Rolling – competitors race down a steep hill, attempting to catch a huge piece of cheese which has been set rolling from the top. Often this results in many injuries.
Coconut Shy – each player has 6 balls to throw at targets of coconuts balanced on raised stands. The player with the highest number of hits wins.
Pancake Racing – in which each participant carries a pancake in a frying pan. All the runners must toss their pancakes as they run and catch them in the frying pan.
People Herding – a group of three people are blindfolded and each holds onto a central hoop. The fourth member of the team has a whistle, one short blast move to the left, two short blasts move to the right, a long continuing blast move forward. The object is to direct the hooped group through a gate or gatepost. The team with the shortest time wins.
Welly/Wellie Wanging or Throwing – a freestyle sport that originated in Britain. Competitors are required to hurl a Wellington boot as far as possible within boundary lines, from a standing or running start. Each player has three throws, the longest distance thrown within the zone wins. Note that the word wellie is also often spelt as welly.
Wheelbarrow and Straw Bale Race – each player in the team races over 50 yards with 4 straw bales on the barrow, then tosses the bales over a 6ft height bar. The quickest team wins.
1. Check the meaning and pronunciation of the words and expressions in the box in the dictionary. Make your own sentences using them:
competitive, entertaining, skilful, strong-willed, outstanding, worthy, young generation, to be specialized, numerous, to struggle for a medal, to be crowded, to lay out a ski trail, youth, contender, to be widespread, to be favorites at
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1. Look through Text 2 and do comprehension tasks below.
SPORTS IN RUSSIA
Russia is a country famous for its outstanding brilliant sportsmen, especially in winter kinds of sport. Russian teams take worthy places at world championships in ice hockey as well as in figure skating.
Sport has become very popular among young generation, since from early childhood children are trained to sport life. Russian schools and universities offer students a wide choice of sporting activities. It can be tennis, table tennis, volleyball, basketball, swimming, football, judo, boxing and others. There are a lot of sport clubs in Russia specialized in various sports, which admit children and teenagers. Many members of such clubs take part in numerous competitions, struggle for medals.
Russian people like to do many different sports. In summer they usually swim a lot, roller-skate and ride a bicycle. All sports grounds are crowded with football lovers. But winter sports are closer to Russian people. As soon as the first snow falls, nearly all the livers of the country take their cross-country skis and lay out a ski trail.
So which sports are better developed in Russia? Russia, as a rule, has good results in classical kinds of sport. This is in some ways connected with the period of Soviet Union when big attention was paid to physical education of the youth. But the lessons of Soviet school didn’t go without any influence. Quite often foreign sportsmen, lead by Russian trainers, appear on world level competitions. Also often you can see Russian sportsmen fighting of medals for other countries. There are many jokes about it. For example when you watch international competitions you hear that the trainers and the sportsmen easily understand each other because they all speak Russian.
In modern kinds of sport Russians lag behind their contenders a little. We can refer here curling, springboard jumping etc. Frankly speaking some Russians still can't see these activities as serious kinds of sport. But the situation has been changing nowadays. Russians are beginning to open to new kinds of sport. Let’s hope that this will reflect in results of different level competitions.
Tennis has a large popularity. Some people connect that with the fact that this sport was a hobby of Russian ex-president Boris Yeltsin. Today Russian tennis players are famous all over the world. Sharapova, Kurnikova, Kafelnikov, Miskina are only the best known Russian tennis players. They play wonderfully at Wimbledon and other competitions.
Ice-hockey is another one successful sport in the country. The Russian team takes worthy places in competitions. The traditions of Soviet school are kept here too. Though, unfortunately it isn’t as strong as in the past. In USSR there was a period when hockey team won 9 world championships in a row. Furthermore, there are only 2 hockey players which became championship winners 10 times. These are Russian sportsmen Alexander Rogulin and of course Vladislav Tretyak. Nowadays there are also good players in Russian hockey. Another sport which is widespread in the country is football. There are many amateurs of this game in Russia.
And of course the favorite sport of many women is figure skating. This is a very beautiful show. And here Russia is still the leader. Though it has had very worthy rivals lately. For example Chinese sportsmen who have good perspective. But don’t forget about Russian figure skaters. Today they are favorites at any competition. Besides, figure skating is quickly getting popularity in the country. New ice rinks are opened, parents take their children to sport schools.
Actually many kinds of sport are popular in Russia. Both on a professional level and on an amateur one. Ski sport and volleyball are good examples here.
1. Answer the following questions. Do not answer in one sentence. Add something:
1. Russia is famous for its brilliant sportsmen, isn't it?
2. What are the most popular sports and games in Russia?
3. Why has sport become very popular among young generation?
4. What kinds of sport clubs are there in Russia?
5. How does a Russian person prefer to spend time on a sunny winter day?
6. Do Russain teams participate in international matches?
7. Can you name any famous Russian sportsmen? What are you famous for?
8. What amateur sports of Russia can you name?
9. Are there any fitness centres in your district?
10. What is bungee jumping? Why is it called an extreme sport?
2. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. There is a great number of fitness centres all over Russia.
2. Many people watch sport programmes on TV and are sure that they can be called sport-lovers.
3. The team spirit lives in aport-fans, that is why they are always ready to support their compatriots at any championship.
4 . Young sportsmen adore snowboarding and Alpine skiing.
5. Russian people are ardent fans of extreme sports.
6. Favourite winter sport of the Russians is skating and particularly figure skating. Nowadays many people attend outdoor or indoor skating-rinks where they can skate even in summer.
7. Golf is a relatively new leisure activity in Russia, but is rapidly gaining popularity.
8. The main Russian activity is ice diving – one of the most extreme activities known. It can be practised in the White Sea, which is always covered with at least a one metre crust of ice.
9. Professional golf tournaments are held here, like the Russian Open, as a part of the European Tour.
3. Read the statements and say whether they are true or false. If you agree you say: «You are absolutely right»; «I think so too»; «I’m of the same opinion»; «you are right in a way». If you disagree you say: «Nothing of the kind»; «far from it»; «you are pulling my leg!»; «you are kidding!». You’ll sound more English if you use these models.
1. As far as I remember sport in Russia has always been unpopular.
2. Russian sportsmen, as a rule, have good results in hockey, skiing, figure skating and other classical kinds of sport.
3. Russia used to pay big attention to physical education of the youth but nowadays the situation has changed.
4. Russian sportsmen have no right to perform abroad.
5. Today we can often see both Russian trainers and sportsmen fighting of medals for other countries.
6. Frankly speaking a healthy way of life is coming out of fashion in Russia nowadays. That is why just few people take an interest in sport.
7. It is a well-known fact that in modern kinds of sport Russians are not as successful as their contenders.
8. Tennis is considered to have become so popular in Russia just because of the fact that it was a hobby of Russian ex-president Boris Yeltsin.
9. The Russian hockey team won 9 world championships in a row.
10. We may say that the Russians are sport-lovers. They are keen on hockey, football, skiing, figure skating, volleyball and many others.
4. Translate the following sentences into Russian:
1. Спорт всегда был популярен в России.
2. В России много различных спортивных обществ и клубов.
3. Многие российские спортсмены известны во всем мире.
4. Большое количество мировых рекордов было установлено русскими спортсменами: гимнастами, тяжелоатлетами, теннисистами, пловцами, фигуристами, бегунами, прыгунами в высоту.
5. Наши спортсмены принимают участие в Олимпийских Играх и всегда выигрывают много золотых, серебряных и бронзовых медалей.
5. Read the text below and title it.
We should say some words about Russian supporters. Here we can call it a kind of sport too. The sense of empathy is inherent to Russians. The team spirit lives in them. Russians prepare for going and supporting their favorite team in advance. They buy flags which sometimes achieve great sizes. On the scarves, caps and etc. – everywhere it’ll be possible to see the colours of Russian flag. When you watch the competitions of the international level on TV then you’ll here through the voice of commentator the tribunes shouting «Rossya! Rossya!». And no matter where the match takes places in Russia or in 1000 km from it you’ll anyway hear this. Russians are ready to overcome big distance to see the performance of their favourite sportsmen.
6. Think over the end of the dialogue about sports in Russia. Role-play it with your patner:
Mike: I consider, that people in Russia are great sport-lovers, aren’t they?
Ben: Yes, they are, I agree with you. Many sports are popular in Russia, such as hockey, soccer, track-and-field, weightlifting, tennis, basketball, volleyball, figure-skating, cross-country skiing, swimming, shooting and many others.
Mike: Yes, sporting activities are a part of daily life in Russia. Most Russians growing up in the North grow with outdoor winter sports and activities, such as skiing and skating. In all parts of Russia fishing is extremely popular.
Ben: Yes, it is true and it is also worth mentioning, that there are all necessary facilities for those, who wish to go in for sport. In all schools there is a gym and a sports ground. There are a lot of indoor and outdoor stadiums. Above all, much attention is paid to organized sports: there are different sporting societies and clubs. Many of them take part in different international tournaments and are known all over the world.
Mike: Yes, and I want to add, that a great number of our sportsmen participate in the Olympic Games.
Ben: Yes, certainly, we were always proud and will be proud of them. Yes, and what about National and International matches?
Mike: Sure, they are regularly held in Russia and always attract large number of fans.
Ben: Besides, there is a lot of live broadcasting of matches and championships, many of them are televised.
Mike: …
7. Make up your own dialogue on the following situation: two journalists (one of them is from Britain, another one is from Russia) discuss and compare sport in Russia and in Britain. Use the information and the phrases from the texts and the dialogues given in the unit.
GRAMMAR REVIRSION
1. Fill in prepositions if necessary:
A) Sport is very popular ... Britain. ... other words a lot... British people like the idea ... sport, a lot even watch sport, especially... the TV. However, the number who actively takes part ... sport is probably quite small. ... the whole British people prefer to be fat rather than fit
The most popular spectator sport is football. Football is played ... a Saturday afternoon ... most British towns and the fans, or supporters ... a particular team will travel... one end ... the country... the other to see their team play.
B) Many other sports are also played ... Britain, including golf ... which you try to knock a ball ... a hole; croquet... which you try to knock a ball... some hoops; basket-ball... which you try to get a ball... a net; tennis ... which you try to hit a ball so that your opponent cannot hit it and cricket which is played ... a ball, but is otherwise incomprehensible. As you can see, if the ball had not been invented, there would have been no sport.
2. Read the following and translate into Russian:
boys' game, race distance, women's competitions, men's team, player's style, opponent's half of court, champions' results, fans' hopes, game combination, athlete's contest, skier's tracks, students' competitions, Mark's results.
3. Form the plural of the following nouns:
a child, a sport-ground, a race, an athlete, a tournament, popularity, a swimming pool, successes, a swimmer, a phenomenon, a qualification, a man, a court, a racket, a ball, a stadium, a result, a foot, a schelf, a member, a woman, an analysis.
4. Point out the degree of comparison of adjectives and adverbs in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian:
1. The most popular game in the world is football.
2. Nick is better in swimming then Peter.
3. He is a very popular wrestler.
4. She is taller than her brother.
5. I don't want to do it more often because I can get overtrained.
6. Paul is the best player in our team.
5. Put the adjectives and adverbs in brackets into the required degree of comparison:
1. This sportsman is as (famous) as that one. 2. Football is a (interesting) game than tennis. 3. You are (tall) boy in the team. 4. He plays much (well) today. 5. Who shows (good) time in running? 6. When he was a schoolboy he was ( strong) in the group. No one could run (fast) than he did. 7. I cannot say I was a bad sportsman but I must say I was (bad) than my friend. He was (good) sportsman. 8. The exercise was (difficult) than I thought. 9. I knew (much) on this game but he knew (much) still. 10. He was (strong) wrestler I ever saw.
UNIT 3. SOME POPULAR SPORTS AND GAMES
Topics: 1. Role of sport in our daily life. 2. Sport in my life. 3. Our training.
Grammar: Verbs (Active Voice)
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1. Give Russian equivalents to the names of sports. If you know some other sports, continue the given list:
Some popular sports
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mountaineering, climbing
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artistic gymnastics
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skating
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gymnastics (callisthenics)
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cross-country skiing
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boxing
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skiing
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fencing
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down-hill skiing
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archery
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slalom
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car (motorcycle) racing
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ski-jump
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cycling
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figure-skating
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diving
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sky diving (parachuting)
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swimming
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weight-lifting
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gliding
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wrestling
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hang gliding
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arm-wrestling
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athletics (track-and-field)
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windsurfing
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marathon (race)
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rowing and canoeing yachting
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discus (hammer, javelin)
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pole vault (vaulting)
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high (long, triple) jump
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shot putting
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race/run
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throwing
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hurdle races
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steeplechase
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skateboarding
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snowboarding
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jogging
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1. Look through a short information about summer and winter sports and do comprehension tasks below.
SUMMER AND WINTER SPORTS
People all over the world are very fond of sports.
The most popular outdoor winter sports are shooting, hunting and, in the countries where the weather is frosty and there is much snow – skating, skiing and tobogganing. It's so nice to go to the skating-rink on a frosty sunny day. Some people prefer to be out of town in such weather and to sledge or to ski in the woods. Many people greatly enjoy figure-skating and ski-jumping.
Summer affords excellent opportunities for swimming, boating, yachting, cycling, gliding and many other sports. All the year round many people indulge in boxing, wrestling, gymnastics and track and field events. Scores of young girls and women go in for callisthenics. Over the last few years aerobics has become popular with young girls and women. Aerobics helps them to be slim, healthy and strong. The interest for it greatly increased thanks to Jane Fonda, a prominent American actress, the founder of this kind of sport. This woman may serve as an impressive example of inexhaustible health, cheerfulness and beauty. Being a great enthusiast of aerobics she has been trying to initiate many women all over the world into this sport.
So we have all grounds to say that sport is one of the things that makes people kin.
1. Read the text about appearance of sport and find out English equvalents to the following words and expressions:
покрывать тело смесью из масла и песка, спортивная площадка, раздевалка, помещение для массажа, физическое воспитание, спортивный центр
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The practice of several sports started in childhood: foot racing, jumping, discus-throwing, wrestling and the pancratium.
The athletes were completely naked, oil and sand were rubbed into their bodies in the gymnasium, which could be compared to a modern sports centre. It included a sports ground, surrounded by a conference and meeting room, changing rooms, washrooms, storehouses for oil and sand, a massage room, a punching bag, a terraced stadium, and a covered track.
Physical education was continued until a young man reached the age of eighteen, when he was taken in hand by the state. He was required to do two years of military service training; he spent the second in the field, or in a garrison on the frontiers.
Then a person was given a period of moral and religion preparation which would enable the young man to assume fully his rights and duties as a citizen.
2. Translate the following sentences into Russian:
1. Boxers fight with bare hands.
2. Track and field events are never included in Olympic Games.
3. The most popular sports gather many spectators.
4. By 1898, there were over 40 such clubs in existence to form the All-Russia Association of Rowing and Yachting Clubs.
3. What do you call a person who goes in for:
wrestling, cycling, weight-lifting, swimming, diving, running, mountaineering, boxing, skiing, racing, hunting, athletics, skating
4. Translate these sentences into English:
1. Вы занимаетесь легкой атлетикой?
2. Виндсерфинг и дельтапланеризм появились совсем недавно.
3. Стрельба из лука стала достаточно популярным видом спорта.
4. Ему хорошо дается фигурное катание.
5. Вы собираетесь участвовать в соревнованиях по гребле? – Обязательно.
4. Напрасно вы торопились. Соревнования не состоятся из-за плохой погоды.
6. Моя старшая сестра занимается художественной гимнастикой уже три года. Она уже кандидат в Мастера спорта.
8. Соревнования по легкой атлетике еще не начались.
5. a) Speak on each kind of sport on the list below; briefly describe it as well as the qualities it requires from the sportsman, е.g. strength, endurance, quickness of reaction, courage, etc. Say a few words about its advantages and attractive features:
mountaineering, rowing, yachting, boxing, wrestling, fencing, artistic gymnastics, figure
skating, skiing, skating, ski jumping, sky diving, archery, discus throwing, windsurfing, steeplechase, marathon.
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b) Make up dialogues discussing one (or several) of the sports from the list above. Use the following:
in my opinion ...; there's nothing like ...; I don't quite see what people find in ...; how can you say such a thing!; I don't know anything more exciting than ...; I see nothing exciting in ...; I can't agree with you there; absolutely marvellous; I like it immensely.
1. Give Russian equivalents to the names of sports. If you know some other sports, continue the given list:
Open-air games
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badminton
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hockey
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basket-ball
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(lawn) tennis
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cricket
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net-ball
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football (colloq. soccer)
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rugby (colloq. rugger)
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golf
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volley-ball
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grass-hockey
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water polo
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Indoor games
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chess
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squash
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draughts
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table-tennis
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billiards
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1. Look through the short information about sport games.
SPORT GAMES
Among outdoor games football takes the first place in public interests: this game is played in all the countries of the world. The other games that have firmly established themselves in favour in different countries are cricket, volley-ball, basket-ball, and so on. Badminton is also very popular both with young and old.
Among indoor games which one can go in for all the year round are billiards, table tennis, draughts, chess, of course. The results of chess toumamets are studied and discussed by enthusiasts in different countries.
1. Look through Text 1 and do comprehension tasks below.
LAWN TENNIS
Tennis, original name lawn tennis, game in which two opposing players (singles) or pairs of players (doubles) use tautly strung rackets to hit a ball of specified size, weight, and bounce over a net on a rectangular court. Points are awarded to a player or team whenever the opponent fails to correctly return the ball within the prescribed dimensions of the court. Organized tennis is played according to rules sanctioned by the
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