Учебное пособие по английскому языку для аудиторных занятий со студентами

Label the parts of the car.



bonnet • front bumper • headlight • indicator • petrol cap / flap • roof •

sill • sunroof • tyre • wheel arch • wheel trim • logo • windscreen • windscreen wiper • wing



aerial • badge • boot • door • door handle • exhaust pipe • number plate •

rear bumper • rear window • wing mirror • side window • rear light

Complete the sentences with words from exercise 1.

1. 
   You open the bonnet to look at the engine.
   
2. 
   The ________ absorbs small impacts in an accident.
   
3. 
   Don't forget to retract the _______before using the car wash.
   
4. 
   Can you put my suitcases in the _________, please?
   
5. 
   When it starts raining, you need to switch on the _________.
   
6. 
   “What model is that?” “1 don't know, I can't see the _________
   

from here.”

7. 
   It is important to inflate the _________ to the correct pressure
   

for better fuel consumption.

8. 
   The Mercedes star is a well-known _________ .
   
9. 
   Open the __________ and let some sun and fresh air into the car.
   
10. 
    I wish all drivers would use their _________ when they want to
    

turn right or left!
Read the descriptions of different car parts and say what they are called.

1. 
   This shows the registration of your car.
   
2. 
   These show motorists behind you whether you are slowing down
   

or stopping.

3. 
   You need to open this first so you can fill the tank.
   
4. 
   You need to adjust this so you can see the traffic.
   
5. 
   The exhaust gases from the engine come out of this.
   

Do you know the names for the parts of a car? See if you can

match up these names and descriptions

1. windscreen	A a band of rubber over the wheel
2. accelerator	B an instrument to measure speed
3. brake	С a mechanism for reducing speed and stopping
4. speedometer	D a wheel used to guide a car
5. exhaust pipe	E a device used to increase speed
6. steering wheel	F a protective metal bar at front and back of the car
7. boot	G a place for luggage at the back of the car
8. bonnet	H an outlet to allow carbon monoxide gas to escape
9. bumper	I a cover for engine

Fill in the gaps with the words given below:

Windscreen • bonnet • brakes • bumper • handbrake • boot •

rear-view mirror

1. 
   He couldn’t see anything through the ____________ due to heavy fog.
   
2. 
   The __________ sometimes slow the car, but not always.
   
3. 
   She stopped the car and pulled on the ___________.
   
4. 
   The spare tire is in the __________.
   
5. 
   Suddenly, a figure appeared in my ________________.
   
6. 
   Our driver rolled up his window and backed away (сдать назад),
   

slightly tapping the front ____________ of the car behind.

7. 
   I'll need to check under the ___________.
   

8 Match the British words with their American equivalents.
British: 1. accumulator 2. bonnet 3. boot 4. estate 5. gearbox 6. lorry 7. petrol 8. saloon 9. tyre 10. indicators 11 wing 12. windscreen

American: a. battery b. fender c. hood d. windshield e. trunk f. truck g.

station wagon h. tire i. transmission j. 2 or 4 door sedan k. gasoline l.turn signals
Find the right variant.

1. You see the road through it.

a. head lights b. sun roof c. windscreen. d. rear mirror

e. wheel trim

2. If the road is bumpy, these help to dampen the bumps.

a. fenders b. bonnet c. steering wheel d. indicators

e. bumpers

3. If you want to turn left or right, you put these on.

a. headlights b. turn indicators c. hood d. steering wheel e. sill

4. This is where you put the shopping.

a. exhaust pipe b. wheel arch c. the bonnet d. trunk e. roof

5. You use this to go round a corner.

a. the hand brake b. the steering wheel c. the spare wheel d. the tyre


UNIT 2

THE INTERIOR OF THE CAR
Label the parts of the car.

accelerator ● air vent ● airbag ● ashtray ● brake pedal ● car seat

(headrest) ● cigarette lighter ● clutch pedal ● cup holder ● dashboard ●

door handle ● door tray ● gear stick ● glove compartment ● handbrake

● rear- view mirror ● seat belt ● steering wheel ● sun visor

Complete the sentences with words from 1

1. It’s so practical to have a _____ near the steering wheel. I can take a

drink whenever I want.

2. In a car with manual transmission, you need to press the _____

when you want to change gear.

3. There’s usually a cosmetic mirror on the passenger’s _____.

4. I have a leather _____. It’s not so cold for my hands in the winter and

it gives you a good grip.

5. It’s against the law to phone while driving so I’ve ordered a car with a

_____.

6. Could you have a look in this road atlas? It’s in the _____.

7. I don’t need a _____ as I don’t smoke and I don’t want anyone to

smoke in my car.

8. Could you close the _____? I’m getting a draught.
Find the right variant.

1. When you want to go faster, you press this.

a. brake pedal b. clutch c. gearbox d. accelerator e. carburetor

2. You turn these on when it is dark so you can see the road.

a. rear-view mirror b. headlights c. rear light d. sun visor

e. cigarette light

3. Whenever you want to shift up or down, you press this down.

a. gearbox b. gas c. accelerator d. clutch pedal e. brake pedal

4. This cools down your engine.

a. pump b. battery c. ignition d. fuel gauge e. radiator

5. You need this to stop.

a. the accelerator b. the brake c. the clutch d. gear shift

6. Here you keep your maps, cassettes and old parking tickets.

a. the gear box b. the glove compartment c. the boot d. door handle

7. The engine is under is here.

a. the bonnet b. the driver's seat c. the glove tray d. boot

8. This is the pedal you press to change gear.

a. the accelerator b. the brake c. the clutch d. hood
Complete the puzzle. The answers are all words from this unit.

Across

1.You put your cigarette here when it’s finished.

3.The instruments are on this.

5.This is the middle pedal in a car.

8.This stops the sun from shining into your eyes. (2 words)

9. You use this to change gear



Down

2.This protects your head and neck in an accident.

4.You operate this when you park your car to stop it from moving.

6.You can put your maps and documents in the ... compartment.

8.You look in the rear-view ... to check the traffic behind you.

GLOSSARY

English	Russian
ACCESSORIES	ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ АГРЕГАТЫ
BODY	КУЗОВ
CARBURETTOR	КАРБЮРАТОР
CHARGING RATE	ВЕЛИЧИНА ЗАРЯДА
CLUTCH	СЦЕПЛЕНИЕ
CLUTCH (FOOT) PEDAL	НОЖНАЯ ПЕДАЛЬ СЦЕПЛЕНИЯ
COMBUSTION CHAMBER	КАМЕРА СГОРАНИЯ
CRANKING MOYOR (SYN; STARTER)	СТАРТЕР
CYLINDER	ЦИЛИНДР
DASH	ПЕРЕДНИЙ ЩИТОК (АВТОМОБИЛЯ)
DISTRIBUTOR	РАСПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛЬ
ENGINE	ДВИГАТЕЛЬ, МОТОР
FACE	ПОВЕРХНОСТЬ
FINAL DRIVE	ГЛАВНАЯ ПЕРЕДАЧА
FLYWHEEL	МАХОВИК
FRAMEWORK (SYN,CHASSIS)	ШАССИ, РАМА (АВТОМОБИЛЯ)
FRICTION DISK	ФРИКЦИОННЫЙ ДИСК
FUEL LINE	ТОПЛИВОПРОВОД, БЕНЗОПРОВОД
FUEL PUMP	ТОПЛИВНЫЙ НАСОС, БЕНЗОНАСОС
FUEL SYSTEM	СИСТЕМА ПИТАНИЯ
FUEL TANK	ТОПЛИВНЫЙ БАК, БЕНЗОБАК
GASOLINE (SYN, BRIT. PETROL)	БЕНЗИН
GAUG (INDICATING)	ИНДИКАТОР, ИЗМЕРИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ПРИБОР
GEAR RATIO	ПЕРЕДАТОЧНОЕ ЧИСЛО
GENERATOR	ГЕНЕРАТОР
HEATER	ОТОПИТЕЛЬ
HIGH GEAR	ТРЕТЬЯ ПЕРЕДАЧА (ВЫСШАЯ ПЕРЕДАЧА)
IGNITION	ЗАЖИГАНИЕ
IGNITION COIL	КАТУШКА ЗАЖИГАНИЯ
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (I.C. ENGINE)	ДВИГАТЕЛЬ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ
ADMISSION (INLET)	ВПУСК
BORE	ДИАМЕТР
CAMSHAFT	РАСПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛЬНЫЙ ВАЛ
COMBUSTION	СГОРАНИЕ
COMPRESSION	СЖАТИЕ
CONNECTING ROD	ШАТУН
CRANKSHAFT	КОЛЕНЧАТЫЙ ВАЛ
CYLINDER	ЦИЛИНДР
DISPLACEMENT	ОБЪЕМ
EXHAUST	ВЫПУСК
EXHAUST PIPE	ВЫПУСКНОЙ КОЛЛЕКТОР
EXHAUST VALVE	ВЫПУСКНОЙ КЛАПАН
EXPULSION	ВЫБРОС
FUEL	ТОПЛИВО
HEAD OF THE CYLINDER	ГОЛОВКА ЦИЛИНДРА
IGNITION	ЗАЖИГАНИЯ
INLET PIPE	ВПУСКНОЙ КОЛЛЕКТОР
INLET VALVE	ВПУСКНОЙ КЛАПАН
LIQUID	ЖИДКИЙ
PISTON	ПОРШЕНЬ
PLACEMENT	РАСПОЛОЖЕНИЕ
POWER	МОЩНОСТЬ
POWER STROKE	РАБОЧИЙ ХОД
REVOLUTION	ОБОРОТ
SPARKING PLUG	СВЕЧА ЗАЖИГАНИЯ
STROKE OF THE PISTON	ХОД ПОРШНЯ
TO INVENT	ИЗОБРЕТАТЬ
TO PERFOM	ВЫПОЛНЯТЬ
TO PROPEL	ВРАЩАТЬ
TORQUE	КРУТЯЩИЙ МОМЕНТ
WATER JACKET	РУБАШКА ОХЛАЖДЕНИЯ

VEHICLE DESIGN
1. Vehicle
ENGINE

BODY

VENICLE

POWER

TRAIN

FRAMEWORK

Basically, the automobile consists of four components:

1. 
   The engine
   
2. 
   The framework or support for the engine and wheels.
   
3. 
   The power train or mechanism that transmits the power from the engine to the wheels.
   
4. 
   The body
   

To these may be added a fifth component the car-body accessories: the heater, radio and other devices that contribute to the convenience and comfort of the driver.
THE ENGINE

The engine is the sources of power that makes the wheels go around and the car move. It is usually referred to as an internal combustion engine because gasoline is burned within its cylinders, or combustion chambers. Most automobile engines have six or eight cylinders, although some four-, twelve-, and sixteen-cylinders engines are in use.
FUEL SYSTEM


The fuel system. The fuel system is designed:

1. 
   To store liquid gasoline.
   
2. 
   To deliver it to the engine cylinders in the form of vapor mixed with air
   

It consists of:

1. 
   A fuel tank in which the gasoline is stored.
   
2. 
   .A fuel line, through which the gasoline can be brought from the tank to the engine.
   
3. 
   A fuel pump, which pulls the gasoline through the fuel line.
   
4. 
   A carburetor, which mixes the gasoline with air.
   

ELECTRIC SYSTEM



ELECTRIC SYSTEM
The electric current performs several jobs on the car.

1. 
   It cranks the engine.
   
2. 
   It furnishes electric sparks at the spark plugs that ignite the compressed mixture in the cylinders.
   
3. 
   It operates the radio and heater motor.
   
4. 
   It supplies light for night driving.
   
5. 
   It operates gauges on the dash of the car that indicate charging rate, oil pressure, engine temperature and amount of fuel in the tank.
   

Lights, radio, heater, indicating gauges and other electrically operated devices are usually considered as accessory devices, since they are not absolutely necessary to the operation of the car.
3. Practice

1. 
   translate: fuel system
   

electric system

the engine

vehicle

b)Write missing word:




DASH (KEYBOARD)
A full set of instrument is provided in a carefully considered layout:
TACHO METER

SPEEDOMEETER DASH BATTERY

DISCHARGE LAMP

FUEL GAUGE OIL PRESSURE GAUGE WATER

TEМPERATURE

GAUGE

1. 
   The function of speedometer is to show the speed of the moving car.
   
2. 
   The function of fuel gauge is to show the amount of liquid fuel in the gasoline tank.
   
3. 
   Water temperature device is designed to indicate the temperature of water- jacket around the cylinder and its head.
   
4. 
   Battery discharge lamp is designed to show the charging rate of the accumulator.
   
5. 
   The function of oil pressure device is to indicate the pressure of oil inside of oil system of the engine.
   
6. 
   Tachometer is constructed to show the number of revolutions of crank shaft in the engine.
   

Usually the dash has a stylish black plastic look. It is convenient and neat, ensures safe driving.

Vehicle design

1. 
   Power train. The power that the engine develops must be transmitted to the car wheels, so that the wheels will rotate and cause the car to move. The power train performs this job providing in the process several different gear ratios between the engine crankshaft and wheels, so that the crankshaft may rotate approximately four, eight, or twelve times to cause the wheels to rotate once. The power train consists of a series of gears and shafts, which mechanically connect the engine shafts with the car wheels, and contains a clutch transmission or change gears, a propeller shaft and the final drive.
   

2. 
   Clutch. The clutch permits the driver to connect the crankshaft to, or disconnect it from, the power train. Its main part is a friction disk pressed tightly by springs to the smooth face of the engine flywheel. The flywheel is attached to the end of the engine crankshaft and when the clutch is engaged the friction disk is held against the flywheel so that it revolves with the flywheel. When the clutch foot pedal is depressed the friction disk moves away from the flywheel face and stops revolving; when the foot pressure on the clutch pedal is removed, the springs again force the friction disk against the flywheel face, so that it once more rotates with the flywheel. The rotary motion is transmitted through the clutch and clutch shaft to the transmission gears and from there through the propeller shaft and the final drive on to the rear wheels.
   

3. 
   Transmission. The transmission or change gears provide a means of varying the gear ratios of the engine crankshaft and the wheels. There are three main gear positions in the automobile transmission: low gear, second gear, and high gear. Thus the engine crankshaft may turn four, eight or twelve times for each wheel revolution (approximately).In addition; a reverse gear is provided that permits backing the car.
   

Литература

Evans Virginia, Dooley Jenny. Upstream. Intermediate. WB.Teacher’s Book. Express Publishing, 2002.

ABBYY Lingvo 12. Электронный словарь. English Edition. ABBYY Software, 2006.

Redman Stuart. English Vocabulary in Use (Pre-intermediate & intermediate). Cambridge University Press, 2009.

McCrthy Michael, O’Dell Felicity. English Vocabulary in Use (Upper Intermediate). Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Kavanagh Marie. English for Automobile Industry. Express Series. Oxford University Press, 2007.

Bonamy David. Technical English. Course Book 2. Pearson Education Limited, 2008.