Sold bicycles. When I published my first work ‘History of Western College Journalism’ the Pope Company had given me an advertisement, and that seemed to be a ‘connection’ of some kind. In any case it was worth
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Adjective + suffixNouns are also formed by adding a suffix to an adjective. Two suffixes often added to adjectives to form nouns are -ness and -ity. -ness weakness, happiness, darkness -ity stupidity, punctuality, similarity -er/-or, -ee and -ist -er -er -or -ee -ist dancer driver actor trainee artist singer manager director employee economist murderer footballer translator addressee psychologist farmer employer operator nominee journalist NOTE: Notice the common spelling changes: translate/translation, operate/operator, economy/economist, psychology/psychologist. Ex. 78. Complete the tables and mark the stress on each word.
Ex. 79. Combine the suffixes on the right with the verbs or adjectives on the left, and then complete the text below. (Remember you may need to make a small spelling change). ----------------------------------- ----------------------------------- improve televise elect -ment, -ity, -ion,-ation, -ness educate weak manage govern stupid ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ In his first broadcast on …………. since he won the ……….. .. last month, the Prime Minister promised to make health and …………. two of his top priorities. And in a strong attack on the previous ………., he said that the present ………… of the British economy was caused entirely by their ………… and ………… . He said he would act immediately and he hoped the British people would be able to see clear signs of an …………. in the economy by the end of the year. Ex. 80. Write down the name of the person who does these things. Model: farm → farmer
Ex. 81. Look at the two examples and then complete the rest of the definitions. Model: An actor is a person who ....................... An actor is a person who acts in films, plays and on TV. 1. A journalist is a person who ……………….. 2. A ballet dancer is a person who …………….. 3. A film director is a person who ……………… 4. A bank manager is a person who ……………. 5. An employer is a person who ………………. 6. A pop singer is a person who ………………… 7. A translator is a person who …………………. 8. A lorry driver is a person who ……………….. 9. A photographer is a person who …………….. 10. An artist is a person who …………………. ARTICLE with uncountable nouns I. Uncountable nouns include the so called mass nouns (fluids: blood, coffee, milk, oil, tea, water, etc.; solids: bread, butter, food, fruit, glass, meat, fish, iron, coal, etc.; particles; flour, dust, hair, rice, sugar, sand, wheat, etc.), names of natural phenomena (fog, snow, rain, sunshine, smog, weather, wind, etc.), abstract nouns (advice, information, work, knowledge, luck, traffic, progress, music, etc.) and collective nouns (luggage, money, rubbish, furniture, jewellery, crockery, cutlery, etc.) They take a singular verb, are not used with the indefinite article (a/an), even if there is a descriptive adjective; are usually used with some/any/no/much/(a)little/a lot of/plenty of and some others, e.g. Information is available at the front desk. This ring is made of ᴓ(very good)silver. He drinks very little tea. II. Many uncountable nouns can be made countable by adding a partitive, e.g. a piece of paper/cake/news/information/advice/ furniture, etc. a glass/bottle/drop of water, juice, wine, etc. a sheet of paper, a packet of tea, a grain/pinch of salt, a slice of lemon/bread, a rasher of bacon, a pot of yoghurt, a kilo/pound of meat, a bar of chocolate/soap, a can of Coke, a carton of milk, a loaf/chunk/crumb of bread, a flash/bolt of lightning, a clap/peal of thunder, a flake of snow, a splinter/pane of glass, a chip of wood, etc. III. Some uncountable nouns can be used in a particular sense and are then countable, e.g. His hair is black. Whenever he finds a grey hair he pulls it out. We drink coffee, but ask for a coffee (two coffees). The chair is made of wood. Is there a wood near here? “The woods are lovely, dark and deep…” He is out of work. He’s got Shakespeare’s complete works. We drink wine, but enjoy a good wine. His heart was full of shame. It’s a shame he wasn’t paid. Ex. 82. Translate into Russian. 1. Give me a piece of paper, please. The police asked to see his papers. 2. She has a lot of experience in teaching. We had lots of exciting experiences on our trip. 3. The vase was made of Venetian glass. Would you like a glass of milk? He can’t see very well without his glasses. 4. She’s got long blonde hair. There’re two hairs in my milk! 5. The bowl is made of wood. The girls got lost in the woods. 6. He goes to work every day. Renoir’s works are really fascinating. 7. Don’t go out in the rain without an umbrella. In some climates the rains come twice a year. Ex. 83. Make the following uncountable nouns plural using a possible partitive as in the example.
Ex. 84. Make up exclamatory sentences using the proper articles. Model: nice weather → What nice weather! rainy day → What a rainy day!
Ex. 85. Fill in the gaps with the proper articles where necessary. 1. He gave me … very good advice. 2. I’m sure I’ll need … advice he gave me. 3. He has been out of … work for three weeks. 4. He is looking for … work. 5. … work he did before was very well-paid. 6. Where is … money I gave you? 7. He’ll never ask anyone for … money. He’s too proud. 8. In his previous job he earned … very big money. 9. There was only … little money left in his pocket. 10. … weather is lovely! Let’s go for a walk. 11. What … lovely weather we’re having! 12. Our trip will largely depend on … weather. 13. No news is … good news. 14. Don’t be afraid. I bring … good news. 15. He turned white when he heard … news. 16. If you work as hard as now, you’ll make … real progress. 17. They want to discuss … progress the students have made in the past few months. 18. What would you like? - … coffee and two teas, please. 19. Why didn’t you drink … coffee? – It was too strong. Ex. 86. Translate from Russian into English. 1. Погода была такая плохая, что я остался дома. 2. Какая прекрасная погода! 3. Я пришел к Вам за советом. 4. Спасибо, я знал, что Вы дадите мне хороший совет. 5. Он дал мне два хороших совета. 6. Ваши советы всегда полезны. 7. Совет-то хорош, но я не могу ему последовать. 8. Кто дал Вам такой прекрасный совет? 9. Вы слышали последние новости? 10. Это плохая новость. 11. Новости, которые он сообщил нам, были очень неприятными. 12. У меня для Вас две новости. 13. Новостей пока нет. 14. Я думаю, что только работа поможет вам. 15. Вы закончили работу? 16. Где работы студентов? 17. У меня дома есть полное собрание произведений Л.Н.Толстого. 18. Это очень интересная работа, я думаю, она вам понравится. 19. Она может дать вам все необходимые сведения. 20. Нам нужно обменяться информацией. 21. Мне не нужен совет, мне нужна информация. 22. Где деньги? – Они на столе. 23. Ваших денег недостаточно. 24. Его деньги были в надежном месте. 25. Один кофе и два чая, пожалуйста. TENSE AND VOICE REVISION. Ex. 87. Open the brackets, using the correct tense form. Mr. Kelada was everywhere and always. He … (be) certainly the best-hated man on the ship. We … (call) him Mr. Know-All to his face and he … (take) it as a compliment. He … (know) everything better than anybody else and it never … (come) into his head that he … (can) be mistaken. There … (be) four of us at table. A man called Ramsay, who … (be) as dogmatic as Mr. Kelada, his wife, and myself. Ramsay … (be) in the American Consular Service and now he … (be) on his way back to Japan after he … (fetch) his wife from New York where she … (spend) a year at home. Mrs. Ramsay … (be) a very pretty little thing with pleasant manners who … (know) how to wear her clothes. She … (be dressed) very simply because the Consular Service … (be) ill-paid. On that evening, while we … (sit) all at dinner, we … (start) speaking about pearls. There … (be) in the papers lately a good deal of talk about the cultured pearls which the Japanese … (make). Mr. Kelada … (tell) us all that was to be known about pearls. Mr Ramsay … (know) nothing about them at all. I … (believe), but he … (start) a heated argument with Mr. Kelada. At last something that Mr. Ramsay … (say) made Mr. Kelada so angry that he … (cry out): “I … (know) what I … (talk) about. I … (go) to Japan just to look into this Japanese pearl business. I … (be) in the trade.” That … (be) news for us, because Mr. Kelada never … (tell) anyone what his business … (be). He … (look) around the table triumphantly. “You take my word for it, he … (continue), “that chain Mrs. Ramsay … (wear) never … (be worth) a cent less than it is now. I … (notice) it at once. If you … (buy) it on Fifth Avenue I … (be) sure it … (be) worth anything up to thirty thousand.” Mr. Ramsay … (smile): “You … (be surprised) to hear that my wife … (buy) this chain at a department store the day before we … (leave) New York, for eighteen dollars.” “Let me … (look) at the chain.” Mr. Kelada … (ask), “and if it … (be) imitation, I … (tell) you quickly enough.” “Take it off, dear,” … (say) Mr. Ramsay. Let Mr. Kelada … (look) at it as much as he … (want).” I … (have) a sudden feeling that something unpleasant … (be going) to happen. Mrs. Ramsay … (take) the chain off and Mr. Ramsay … (hand) it to Mr. Kelada. Mr. Kelada … (take) a magnifying glass from his pocket and … (examine) the chain. There … (be) a smile of triumph on his face. He … (hand) back the chain. He … (be going) to speak when he suddenly … (catch) the look of terror in Mrs. Ramsay’s eyes; her face … (turn) quite white. I … (wonder) why her husband … (not notice) anything. Mr. Kelada … (stop) with his mouth open. “I … (make) a mistake,” he … (say). “It … (be) a very good imitation”. (After “Mr. Know-All” by W. S. Maugham) |
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